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Freeze-Thaw Damage in Concrete: Causes and Mitigation Methods

The freeze-thaw defect in concrete occurs when water within the concrete freezes and expands, leading to the formation of ice crystals. When temperatures drop,...

What is Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete? Prevention and repair methods

The alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) occurs when alkalis, typically sodium and potassium ions from cement, reacts with minerals present in aggregates within concrete.This reaction can...

Segregation in Concrete: Causes, Types and Mitigation Methods

Segregation in concrete refers to the separation of coarse aggregates from the cement paste during the mixing and placing process. This can occur due...

Advantages and Applications of Shotcrete Technology

‘Shotcrete’ is concrete conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity at the projected surface, as a construction technique. It is a...

Efflorescence in concrete; causes, prevention and repairing method

Efflorescence in concrete refers to the formation of white, powdery deposits on the surface due to salt leaching. These salts are usually present in...